Inside the Dubai Mercantile Exchange

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/11/27/a-look-at-the-dubai-mercantile-exchange-with-christopher-fix/

The world’s future exchanges have always been built around the needs of trade-cycles.  The gamut of participants in any commodity not only require clear and standardised pricing, but also need to be able to hedge that pricing now- and in the future.

It is no surprise that after a century of growth, the Western World has largely dominated the theatre for such markets, being the major source of production and off-take.  Globalisation has however, changed a lot of these dynamics.  Looking at just one commodity- crude oil- we see that while the United States are still the single largest consumer (at around 19.15 million bbl/day), the economies of China, Japan and India are not far behind (with a total consumption of 16.682 million bbl/day).  To contrast this, the total consumption of the European Union is around 13.7 million bbl/day.   Importantly too, these ‘East of Suez‘ markets, unlike their western counterparts, are growing – and fast.

Launched in 2007, the Dubai Mercantile Exchange (DME) has taken a unique position in the market, providing a primary energy benchmark (through the DME flagship Oman Crude contracts) for destinations East of Suez.  Growth of DME has been astonishing.  A release in August 2012 noted that, “…in 2012, trades on DME passed the 3 billion barrel mark, with a total of 3.478 million contracts (eqv. 3.478 billion barrels) traded on the Exchange and annual average daily volumes growing at an annual compounded rate of 31%…“  DME Oman is now the largest physically delivered crude oil futures contract in the world, and the world’s third official benchmark for oil trading, alongside West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent.

To learn more about the Dubai Mercantile Exchange, we spoke to CEO Christopher Fix. Continue reading

The LIBOR Scandal – What Next?

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/11/08/andrew-lo-on-the-libor-scandal-and-whats-next/

Finance is a world where your input, output, and value-add are the same, money… and after a while in the  markets, everything becomes just-a-number.   Traders may start their careers excited at the prospect of handling millions, but soon- even billions become just a number, a number that you play with to meet your own- or your firm’s- objectives, and a number which- once the trade is done- is forgotten.

One of these such numbers, is LIBOR.  A global benchmark rate for short-term interest rates, first used in 1986 and which now, “…determines the prices that people and corporations around the world pay for loans or receive for their savings..” and which is “….used as a benchmark to set payments on about $800 trillion-worth of financial instruments, ranging from complex interest-rate derivatives to simple mortgages …and the global flow of billions of dollars each year.” (Economist, 2012).  The manipulation of LIBOR could be the “biggest securities fraud in history…” (Economist, 2012)

To learn more about the LIBOR scandal, what it means to risk managers, investors, and what the future holds- we spoke to Prof. Andrew W. Lo (Charles E. and Susan T. Harris Professor at the MIT Sloan School of Management and director of the MIT Laboratory for Financial Engineering).  In 2012, Prof. Lo was ranked by Time Magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. Continue reading

The Future of the UK Economy

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/09/24/the-future-of-the-uk-economy/

The United Kingdom is a tiny island, with an astonishing economy.  This is the nation credited with building the largest empire history has ever known, and which played a pivotal role in many of the greatest global economic advances (from industrialisation to globalisation).  This rock-star status has allowed the country to grow to become (as at today) the 7th largest economy in the world- with a GDP of US$2.43 trillion and tremendous political, military and social influence.

The pace and ferocity of the global economic crisis has left the UK, along with the majority of developed economies, wounded.  Businesses and consumers are suffering, and the government- even with ever more existentially large pools of liquidity- are seemingly unable to revive the economy into growth.   The country is heavily burden with debt.  The Guardian in January 2012 reported that, “…total public sector net debt (excluding the impact of the 2008 banking bailouts) rose to £1.004tn in December, the highest since records began in 1993 and equivalent to 64.2% of GDP (up from 59.4% a year ago)…..“  The ECB also notes that the UK’s gross external debts are now well over 400% of GDP (over US$9 trillion).

To learn more about the state and future of the UK economy, we speak to David Blanchflower (Bruce V. Rauner Professor of Economics at Dartmouth College) and John Cridland CBE (Director General of the CBI). Continue reading

Taking Funds to Market

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/08/26/alpha-hunter-jeff-joseph-on-taking-funds-to-market/

The financial crisis has changed the landscape for any industry wishing to attract and retain investors.  By the end of 2009, most investment managers were- essentially- in survival mode, dealing with dramatic declines in asset prices (across the board) and a wave of redemptions from accounts.  Never ones to be defeated, and supported by positivity within the markets (and a lack of other investment options)- the first quarter of 2012 saw global assets under management by the hedge-fund industry reach US$2.13 trillion.

Even with this buoyancy of inflows, fund managers have been faced with challenges on a number of fronts.  Not only has the hedge-fund industry suffered a brand-crisis, but also investment managers are faced with rapid changes in regulations and routes to market.

To learn more about the changed face of fund distribution, we spoke to Jeff Joseph, Managing Partner of Prescient Capital Partners. Continue reading

Investing in Media & Entertainment

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/08/20/alpha-hunter-james-clayton-on-investing-in-media-and-entertainment/

“…Over the next five years, global spending on entertainment and media is projected to rise from $1.6 trillion in 2011 to $2.1 trillion in 2016, a 5.7 percent compound annual advance….” (PwC’s Global Entertainment and Media Outlook 2012-2016).

This is an astonishing figure, but when you consider the breadth and depth of media, it’s easy to see why.  Alongside food, clothing and energy- media is one of the few industries that pervades into the lives of practically every consumer on the planet- delivering content ranging from news to gaming, films, TV programmes and more.  As technology has advanced, the number of channels (and types of content) has grown meaning that investors can now access everything from global hits (such as the film Avatar which grossed over $2.7billion in cinemas alone from an investment of around $300million) to niche events and productions targeting specific communities.

Entertainment and media are growing and globalising.  Media assets which once would have only been shown or experienced in their country of origin are now global instruments, which can be exploited in markets worldwide.  Previously developing economies such as India, Latin America and Asia have also become incredible consumers (and producers) of media.   These fundamentals represent a powerful case for investors.

To learn more, I spoke to James Clayton, CEO of Ingenious Investments who- since their debut in 1998- have raised and invested over $10bn in the media and entertainment sectors.  Their portfolio includes films such as Avatar, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, X-Men: First Class and TV productions such as Law and Order UK, Monroe and Foyle’s War. Continue reading

Hunger

In this exclusive series of interviews, we speak to Ertharin Cousin (Executive Director of the United Nations World Food Programme), Prof. Jeffrey Sachs (Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University) and Carlos Pérez del Castillo (Chair of the Board of the CGIAR Consortium).  We look at the true scale and nature of global hunger, exploring issues ranging from poverty to climate change, conflict to politics, economics to education and more.  We discuss the realities of hunger in our world and how we can end it.

http://thoughteconomics.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/hunger.html

The Greek Opportunity

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/08/15/the-greek-opportunity/

Of all the economic horror stories produced since the banking crisis…wrote the Guardian in July 2011, “Greece must be the most frightening. It has easily the worst economy out of all the 16 nations in the eurozone…” Such rhetoric about the Greek economy has been commonplace in the last couple of years with journalists and commentators treating the nation (at least in words) as a pseudo-failed state.

Before we begin, let’s be absolutely clear. Greece does have an economic crisis.  This is a country which has experienced years of recession, a 20% decline in GDP, huge unemployment and a fair amount of civil unrest (in the form of regular, and sometimes violent, protests).  A storm of factors brought Greece to this point.  Firstly the spread of the financial crisis to Europe, secondly a political system (filled with corruption, bribery, populism) which was unwilling to reform, and thirdly- some poor fiscal planning.  Greece’s key sectors (including tourism and shipping) were also unusually (and perhaps uniquely) vulnerable left-tail economic events.

Let’s also be clear that these are not just Greek problems, the entire Euro Zone sits weakened as the result of a crisis which exacerbated fractures which were already there.  Countries like Greece, Portugal, Italy, Spain and Ireland were the most vulnerable within this group- and thanks to the political disconnect of the ‘union‘… were the first to come unstuck.

In sharp contrast to genuine failed (or failing) states such as Afghanistan, Iraq and Nigeria (and also states experiencing extreme volatility such as Kenya, Pakistan and Egypt), Greece sits as nation which, while experiencing a crisis of credibility, has a number of very positive opportunities for recovery, development and wealth creation.  So what is the case to invest in Greece?

To learn more, I spoke to Nicholas Economides – Professor of Economics at the NYU Stern School of Business. Continue reading

The Sub Prime Lessson

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/08/05/the-sub-prime-lesson/

It’s difficult to downplay the severity of the sub-prime mortgage crisis.

Between June 2007 and the end of summer in 2008- American’s lost over a quarter of their net-worth.  Home equity in the USA  dropped (over the period) by over $4 trillion, with retirement, savings and investment assets losing a further $8 trillion.

Financial institutions opened their eyes to the fact that the mortgage backed securities (MBS) they had been packaging (together with the complex instruments built on them) could now result in over $1 trillion being written off their own balance sheets.  Many of the world’s leading financial institutions sought emergency government assistance, while other giants (such as Lehman Brothers) collapsed.

This ‘one-in-a-million-year-event‘ triggered an economic contagion which even today looms in the form of economic crises in Europe, the United States and parts of Asia- crises that have caused governments to inject trillions of dollars into the economy in an attempt to avoid a catastrophic and deep depression. Continue reading

An Interview with Nobel Prize Winning Economist – Prof. Michael Spence

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/06/24/michael-spence-nobel-laureate-on-information-and-momentum/

 

Analysis of any economic and financial system requires an understanding of two key factors; information and momentum.

Understanding the information content of a system means having knowledge relating to the fundamental nature of what is being observed and its context.  What are you seeing? why does it behave as it does? what influences its behaviour? what will it do next? what is the nature of the system and its participants?  Momentum is an emergent property of the fact that economic and financial systems are behavioural in nature.  In context, this is a function of the size, speed and direction of that which is being observed.  If you were observing the FTSE for example, you would want to know the size (price), speed (rate of change of price) and direction (whether the price is moving up or down).

Information is subjective, and asymmetries in the information held by observers and participants in any market are the fundamental source of profit opportunities and- of course- problems.  A lack of information can manifest as uncertainty.  The Economist noted Ben Bernanke who, in a 1980 paper stated that since most investment is irreversible, uncertainty “…increases the value of waiting for new information [and thus] retards the current rate of investment…“  Many would also argue that informational asymmetries manifested our economic crisis itself as a small group of individuals manipulated the market while the majority of participants had no idea what was happening.

To learn more about speed and information, I spoke to Nobel Prize Winning economist Prof. Michael Spence. Continue reading

Investing in Urban Communities

Guest article written for AllAboutAlpha.com – the official publication of the  Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) Association

Originally posted at: http://allaboutalpha.com/blog/2012/06/18/alpha-hunters-investing-in-urban-communities/

In 1800 only 2% of the world population (which was just 970 million in total) was urbanised.  By 1950 that figure had grown to 30%, and by 2030 it is estimated that more than 60% of the world’s population (around 5 billion people) will live in towns and cities.  Already over 193,000 people are being added to the urban population every day, more than 2 each second.

While much attention is given to the urbanisation of the developing world, similar trends have been occurring in the developed countries which have profound economic and social effects. The 2010 US Census showed that America’s urban population increased 12.1% from 2000-2010 (against a national population growth rate of around 9.7%).  Almost 80% of the US population now live in urban areas.

In the developed and developing world, urban communities are synonymous with contrast, they contain some of the densest pockets of wealth and poverty together with huge diversities in ethnic groups, languages, cultures, economies and more.  They are seething masses of humanity with a mix of social issues and opportunities, and we are only just beginning to understand them.

To learn more about urban communities and the investment case they present, I spoke to K. Robert “Bobby” Turner (Chairman, CEO and Co-Founding Partner of Canyon Capital Realty Advisors and a Partner in Canyon Partners) who has overseen more than $12 billion of investment into urban communities.  Continue reading

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